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JAMA Citation Guide

AMA Style Guide for Citations within Text

See AMA Manual of Style - 3.3- References Given in Text for more information and examples of citing within text.

Citing Sources Within Text

Guidelines For Citing References Within Text

  • Cite references that are retrievable in text, tables, and figures in consecutive order using superscript Arabic numbers.
  • Use commas to separate multiple citation numbers in text.
  • Corresponding references should be listed in numeric order at the end of the document.
  • Unpublished works and personal communications should be cited parenthetically (and not on the reference list).
  • Superscript numbers are placed outside periods and commas, and inside colons and semicolons.

Examples:

The report1 found that...
As has been noted previously,2
This argument was refuted in another study.3
Other reports4,5confirm these findings. (Note: Two sources are cited.)
"...as has been the conclusion of this author."6 (Note: Use after direct quotation.)
In recent reports1,3-5,9surgical outcomes have been...(Note: Multiple sources cited; not all are consecutive.)

 

 

You may cite the same source more than once by using the same Endnote number. However, when you repeat a number, you should include a page number, in parentheses, next to the note number.

Example:

The data1(p44) disproves the previous assertion...

 

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